Tests and Procedures

Overview Breast cancer surgery treats breast cancer by removing the cancer through an operation. Doctors often combine surgery with other treatments, such as radiation, chemotherapy, hormone…

Overview Gender-affirming voice treatments, including therapy and surgery, support transgender and gender-diverse individuals in changing their voice to better match their gender. These methods can affect…

Overview An intravenous pyelogram, also called IVP or intravenous urography, is a type of imaging test that uses X-rays to examine the urinary system. This test…

Overview Ear reconstruction is a type of plastic surgery that focuses on repairing or rebuilding the outer ear, also known as the auricle or pinna. Surgeons…

Overview Elbow joint replacement, also known as total elbow arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure where surgeons replace damaged parts of the elbow with artificial implants made…

Overview A living-donor kidney transplant means a healthy person donates a kidney to someone with kidney failure. Both the donor and recipient can lead healthy lives…

Overview Cytochrome P450 testing is a type of pharmacogenetic test that checks for gene changes impacting how a person’s body breaks down medicine. These tests identify…

Overview Dentists or doctors check for signs of mouth cancer or unusual cell changes during oral cancer screenings. These checks often happen during regular dental visits….

Overview The universal blood donor type is O negative, meaning people with this blood type can give blood to anyone, regardless of the recipient’s blood type….

Overview J-pouch surgery, also known as pouch surgery or the J-pouch procedure, removes the large intestine and creates an internal pouch from the small intestine. The…