Tests and Procedures

Overview Cardiovascular surgery, also called cardiac or heart surgery, involves operations on the heart and blood vessels to treat serious conditions such as blocked arteries, valve…

Overview Masculinizing hormone therapy, sometimes called hormonal gender affirmation or gender-affirming hormone therapy, uses testosterone to create physical changes in the body. These changes often include…

Overview Prostate cancer screening helps doctors find prostate cancer early, sometimes before symptoms develop, which can give men more treatment options and a better chance for…

Overview Orthopedic surgery tests and procedures help doctors diagnose, treat, and monitor problems affecting the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. These techniques play a key…

Overview Carotid endarterectomy is a surgery that helps lower the risk of stroke in people with blocked or narrowed carotid arteries in the neck. This procedure…

Overview Aortic root surgery repairs or replaces the section of the aorta closest to the heart, typically due to an aneurysm or structural damage. This procedure…

Overview Oral and maxillofacial surgery focuses on diagnosing and treating problems related to the mouth, jaws, teeth, face, and neck. Surgeons in this field use specialized…

Overview Many people going through cancer treatment face tough side effects, like mouth sores. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy can cause a condition called oral mucositis, which…

Overview A hysterectomy is a kind of surgery where a doctor removes a woman’s uterus. Doctors can perform this operation using different methods, and the specific…

What Is Breast Reduction Surgery? Breast reduction surgery, also called reduction mammaplasty, removes extra fat, tissue, and skin from the breasts to make them smaller and…